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The Chambers stove is a generic name for several different kitchen cooking appliances sold under the Chambers brand name from 1912 to approximately 1988. Their ranges and stand-alone ovens were known for their patented insulation methods, which enabled them to cook on retained heat with the fuel turned off. == History == The Chambers Fireless Gas Range was a gas cook stove created by John E. Chambers in 1910, Two years after inventing his fireless cooker, John Chambers organized the Chambers Company in 1912.〔 Chambers' patented method of manufacture〔U.S. Patent # 1,469,890 - 10/9/1923〕 used thick rock wool insulation to insulate the oven on all sides. This made it possible for the heat inside the oven to build up over a short period of time. The gas was then turned off, causing a series of internal dampers to close, which effectively isolated the oven compartment from the outside air. The food would continue to cook on retained heat, thus conserving fuel and reducing food shrinkage. This method of cooking, Chambers literature often claimed, also increased the food value of the cooked items. The Chambers Corporation manufactured successive versions of this design in Shelbyville, Indiana, from 1912 through January, 1955.〔〔 Chambers Corporation was sold by the Chambers family in 1950 to the Flato brothers, who were the Chambers distributors in Houston, Texas. Rangaire purchased Chambers in 1964, and operated it out of the Oxford, Mississippi, plant built by the Flato brothers in 1963 until 1983, when they sold it to the KitchenAid Division of the Hobart Corporation.〔 Pp. 56.〕 During Rangaire's ownership of the Chambers Corporation, manufacture of the famous insulated range continued into the 1970s. KitchenAid was sold to Whirlpool in 1986.〔"KitchenAid." International Directory of Company Histories. The Gale Group, Inc, 2006. Answers.com 25 Apr. 2007. http://www.answers.com/topic/kitchenaid-4396712〕 By the early 1990s, Chambers-branded appliances were no longer in manufacture. In 2007, the Thor Corporation of Los Angeles resurrected the Chambers brand name.〔(Chambers brand introduced )〕 The earliest Chambers ranges were small, but all were constructed of heavy gauge steel and porcelain enamel. All models were thickly insulated, which enabled their owners to use them like an ordinary range or cook using retained heat. To help owners of their products learn the proper use of the retained heat cooking feature of their ranges, Chambers developed a large home economics department in their Shelbyville, Indiana, factory. There, recipes and cooking times using the insulated properties of their products were carefully tested and perfected. These tests resulted in charts which indicated the amount of time - and at what temperature - the gas was to be burned in the oven and the Thermodome〔U.S. Patent #1,469,890, 10/9/1923〕 (which was succeeded by the Thermowell), before it was to be turned off completely while the food continued to cook on retained heat.〔Chambers Corp.: "Time, Temperature, and Retained Heat Chart", various models, originally printed in 1939.〕 By 1927, Chambers published a cookbook for the homemaker to not only help her learn how to care for and operate the appliance, but also to assist her in menu planning, proper table setting, etc. This publication was called The Idle Hour Cookbook. The Idle Hour Cookbook was revised until it was replaced in the late 1960s by Rangaire with an actual operation manual.〔Chambers Corp., div. of Rangaire Corp: "Chambers Owners Guide", 1965, 1970.〕 Chambers promoted the ranges using traveling cooking shows which pre-dated television. John Chambers' daughter Alma Chambers, traveled coast-to-coast for over twenty years conducting large cooking shows to promote the Chambers Range. Improvements over the original design were continuously developed over the years, but all were constructed around the concept of a heavily insulated oven, as originally designed by John Chambers. The most updated version of these was the C-series,〔U.S. Patent #2,614,620 - Improved top burner for C series ranges. 10/21/1952〕〔U.S. Patents #2,672,137; #2,755,791 - Back flue for Models C41/61 and C90, respectively. 3/16/1954 and 4/24/1956, respectively.〕〔U.S. Patent #2,763,259 - Removable base trim. 9/18/1956〕 which was produced from 1949–1963, succeeding the B-series (1939–1949). Chambers also built large, industrial-sized units, called the Imperial line, for use in hotels, restaurants, dormitory kitchens, tea rooms, road houses, large homes, etc.〔Chambers Corp.: "Cook With The Gas Turned Off", pages 14-15, 1936.〕 All residential Chambers ranges beginning with what is now referred to as the A-series (circa 1934) had a top-mounted griddle/broiler.〔U.S. Patent #2,011,848〕 Some models came with a recessed ThermoWell (descendant of the earlier ThermoDome) for cooking soups, stews, etc., using special aluminum kettles designed and built for Chambers by the Wearever Corporation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chambers stove」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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